Determination of Platinum Levels in Environmental Samples by ICP-MS and Optimization Conditions for Preconcentration

In this study, the platinum (Pt) levels in environmental samples (soil, water, dust) collected from heavily trafficked streets in the city center of Siirt were determined using ICP-MS (Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). The results obtained were compared with the platinum levels in environmental samples collected from rural areas. A total of 20 samples (10 soil and 10 dust) were collected from streets with heavy traffic in the center of Siirt. These samples were digested using microwave-assisted digestion and then analyzed for platinum content by ICP-MS. For determining platinum concentrations at very low levels in environmental samples, ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy) or GF-AAS (Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy) could be used; however, prior enrichment is recommended in these cases due to the higher detection limits of these instruments compared to ICP-MS. To facilitate enrichment, a SPE (Solid-Phase Extraction) method was studied. For this purpose, a column was prepared using Amberlite XAD-4 as the adsorbent and the bacterium Aneurinibacillusthermoaerophilus VO-12 as a biosorbent, which was then used for the pre-concentration of platinum from environmental samples. Optimization of certain parameters, such as pH and flow rate, for the SPE process was carried out, and the most suitable conditions were identified. Platinum levels in samples collected from both the city center and rural areas were determined using the developed method. The accuracy of the method was validated by using the BCR-723 certified reference material.