Ion-Bubble Triggering Mechanism in Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) under External Magnetic Fields and Wiggler/Undulator (Short Review Communication)

ICF (inertial confinement fusion) holds significant potential for achieving controlled nuclear fusion, but challenges related to efficient energy transfer and plasma stabilization remains. This article explores the ion-bubble trigger mechanism as a promising solution for improving the compression and energy deposition processes in ICF, particularly when coupled with external magnetic fields, wigglers, undulators, and trapped magnetic fields. The ion-bubble mechanism enhances energy transfer by creating localized heating in the plasma, increasing the likelihood of fusion ignition. External magnetic fields, through their interaction with plasma particles, can optimize ion-bubble interactions by influencing particle trajectories and stabilizing plasma instabilities. Additionally, wigglers and undulators—devices that create oscillating magnetic fields—offer a means to fine-tune the interaction between plasma and electromagnetic radiation, further enhancing the ion-bubble effect. Trapped magnetic fields, formed through plasma compression, also contribute to plasma confinement and stability, offering further support for the ion-bubble trigger mechanism. By combining these factors, the ion-bubble trigger mechanism in ICF could significantly improve fusion efficiency and bring us closer to realizing sustainable fusion energy.